印度-雅利安语支
维库,知识与思想的自由文库
印度-雅利安语支是印度-伊朗语族的分支,属于印欧语系的一部分,分布在印度、巴基斯坦、尼泊尔、斯里兰卡,是雅利安人在前20世纪带到南亚的语言。该语族包括梵語、印地语、马拉地语、乌尔都语、古吉拉特语、奥利亚语、旁遮普语、阿萨姆语、克什米尔语、信德语、尼泊尔语等语言。现代的大部分雅利安语言源自梵語,只有克什米尔语和信德语保留少数比梵語还要原始的特征。
[编辑] 分類
根据《民族語》的印度-雅利安语支分类:
- 印度-雅利安语支 Indo-Aryan (219)
- Central zone (76)
- Bhil (19)
- Bareli, Pauri (
bfb
- Bareli, Pauri (
- Bhil (19)
- Central zone (76)
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Bareli, Rathwi (
bgd
- Bareli, Rathwi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Bauria (
bge
- Bauria (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Bhili (
bhb
- Bhili (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Bhilali (
bhi
- Bhilali (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Bareli, Palya (
bpx
- Bareli, Palya (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Chodri (
cdi
- Chodri (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Dhodia (
dho
- Dhodia (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Dubli (
dub
- Dubli (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Dungra Bhil (
duh
- Dungra Bhil (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Garasia, Adiwasi (
gas
- Garasia, Adiwasi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Gamit (
gbl
- Gamit (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Garasia, Rajput (
gra
- Garasia, Rajput (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Mawchi (
mke
- Mawchi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Nahali (
nlx
- Nahali (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Noiri (
noi
- Noiri (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Pardhi (
pcl
- Pardhi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Rathawi (
rtw
- Rathawi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Wagdi (
wbr
- Wagdi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
- Dom (1)
- Domari (
rmt
- Domari (
- Dom (1)
-
) (伊朗)
-
-
- Gujarati (9)
- Aer (
aeq
- Aer (
- Gujarati (9)
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
- Koli, Kachi (
gjk
- Koli, Kachi (
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Jandavra (
jnd
- Jandavra (
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
- Koli, Parkari (
kvx
- Koli, Parkari (
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
- Koli, Wadiyara (
kxp
- Koli, Wadiyara (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Saurashtra (
saz
- Saurashtra (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Vasavi (
vas
- Vasavi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Vaghri (
vgr
- Vaghri (
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
- Khandesi (3)
- Ahirani (
ahr
- Ahirani (
- Khandesi (3)
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Dhanki (
dhn
- Dhanki (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Khandesi (
khn
- Khandesi (
-
-
) (印度)
) (印度)
-
-
- Rajasthani (18)
- Marwari (10)
- Dhundari (
dhd
- Dhundari (
- Marwari (10)
- Rajasthani (18)
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Godwari (
gdx
- Godwari (
-
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Goaria (
gig
- Goaria (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Loarki (
lrk
- Loarki (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Dhatki (
mki
- Dhatki (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Mewari (
mtr
- Mewari (
-
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Marwari (
mve
- Marwari (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Marwari (
rwr
- Marwari (
-
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Shekhawati (
swv
- Shekhawati (
-
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Merwari (
wry
- Merwari (
-
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Unclassified (8)
- Bagri (
bgq
- Bagri (
- Unclassified (8)
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Lohar, Gade (
gda
- Lohar, Gade (
-
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Gurgula (
ggg
- Gurgula (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Gujari (
gju
- Gujari (
-
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Harauti (
hoj
- Harauti (
-
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Lambadi (
lmn
- Lambadi (
-
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Malvi (
mup
- Malvi (
-
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Nimadi (
noe
- Nimadi (
-
-
-
) (印度)
)
-
-
-
- Balkan (1)
- Romani, Balkan (
rmn
- Romani, Balkan (
- Balkan (1)
-
-
) (塞爾維亞和黑山)
-
-
-
- Northern (5)
- Romani, Carpathian (
rmc
- Romani, Carpathian (
- Northern (5)
-
-
) (捷克共和國)
-
-
-
-
- Romani, Kalo Finnish (
rmf
- Romani, Kalo Finnish (
-
-
-
) (芬蘭)
-
-
-
-
- Romani, Baltic (
rml
- Romani, Baltic (
-
-
-
) (波蘭)
-
-
-
-
- Romani, Sinte (
rmo
- Romani, Sinte (
-
-
-
) (塞爾維亞和黑山)
-
-
-
-
- Romani, Welsh (
rmw
- Romani, Welsh (
-
-
-
) (英國)
-
-
-
- Vlax (1)
- Romani, Vlax (
rmy
- Romani, Vlax (
- Vlax (1)
-
-
) (羅馬尼亞)
-
-
- Unclassified (5)
- Parya (
paq
- Parya (
- Unclassified (5)
-
) (塔吉克斯坦)
-
-
-
- Sonha (
soi
- Sonha (
-
-
) (尼泊爾)
-
-
-
- Tharu, Dangaura (
thl
- Tharu, Dangaura (
-
-
) (尼泊爾)
-
-
-
- Tharu, Kathoriya (
tkt
- Tharu, Kathoriya (
-
-
) (尼泊爾)
-
-
-
- Mewati (
wtm
- Mewati (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
- Western Hindi (12)
- Bundeli (1)
- Bundeli (
bns
- Bundeli (
- Bundeli (1)
- Western Hindi (12)
-
) (印度)
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Sansi (2)
- Kabutra (
kbu
- Kabutra (
- Sansi (2)
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
-
- Sansi (
ssi
- Sansi (
-
-
-
-
) (印度)
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
- Unclassified (7)
- Haryanvi (
bgc
- Haryanvi (
- Unclassified (7)
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Bhaya (
bhe
- Bhaya (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Kanauji (
bjj
- Kanauji (
-
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Braj Bhasha (
bra
- Braj Bhasha (
-
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Chamari (
cdg
- Chamari (
-
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Ghera (
ghr
- Ghera (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Gowli (
gok
- Gowli (
-
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
- Powari (
pwr
- Powari (
-
) (印度)
-
- East Central zone (5)
- Awadhi (
awa
- Awadhi (
- East Central zone (5)
) (印度)
-
-
- Bagheli (
bfy
- Bagheli (
-
) (印度)
-
-
- Dhanwar (
dha
- Dhanwar (
-
) (印度)
-
-
- Hindustani, Fijian (
hif
- Hindustani, Fijian (
-
) (斐濟)
-
-
- Chhattisgarhi (
hne
- Chhattisgarhi (
-
) (印度)
) (印度)
) (孟加拉)
-
-
-
- Bishnupriya (
bpy
- Bishnupriya (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Chakma (
ccp
- Chakma (
-
-
) (孟加拉)
-
-
-
- Chittagonian (
cit
- Chittagonian (
-
-
) (孟加拉)
-
-
-
- Hajong (
haj
- Hajong (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Halbi (
hlb
- Halbi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Kurmukar (
kfv
- Kurmukar (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Kharia Thar (
ksy
- Kharia Thar (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Kayort (
kyv
- Kayort (
-
-
) (尼泊爾)
-
-
-
- Mal Paharia (
mkb
- Mal Paharia (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Nahari (
nhh
- Nahari (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Rajbanshi (
rjb
- Rajbanshi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Sylheti (
syl
- Sylheti (
-
-
) (孟加拉)
-
-
-
- Tangchangya (
tnv
- Tangchangya (
-
-
) (孟加拉)
-
-
-
- Mirgan (
zrg
- Mirgan (
-
-
) (印度)
) (印度)
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Hindustani, Caribbean (
hns
- Hindustani, Caribbean (
-
-
) (蘇里南)
-
-
-
- Kudmali (
kyw
- Kudmali (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Magahi (
mag
- Magahi (
-
-
) (印度)
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Majhi (
mjz
- Majhi (
-
-
) (尼泊爾)
-
-
-
- Sadri (
sck
- Sadri (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Sadri, Oraon (
sdr
- Sadri, Oraon (
-
-
) (孟加拉)
-
-
-
- Surajpuri (
sjp
- Surajpuri (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Musasa (
smm
- Musasa (
-
-
) (尼泊爾)
-
-
-
- Panchpargania (
tdb
- Panchpargania (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
- Oriya (8)
- Bodo Parja (
bdv
- Bodo Parja (
- Oriya (8)
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Bhatri (
bgw
- Bhatri (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Bhunjia (
bhu
- Bhunjia (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Oriya, Desiya (
dso
- Oriya, Desiya (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Kupia (
key
- Kupia (
-
-
) (印度)
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Oriya, Adivasi (
ort
- Oriya, Adivasi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Reli (
rei
- Reli (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
- Unclassified (6)
- Bote-Majhi (
bmj
- Bote-Majhi (
- Unclassified (6)
-
) (尼泊爾)
-
-
-
- Degaru (
dgu
- Degaru (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Tharu, Chitwania (
the
- Tharu, Chitwania (
-
-
) (尼泊爾)
-
-
-
- Tharu, Kochila (
thq
- Tharu, Kochila (
-
-
) (尼泊爾)
-
-
-
- Tharu, Rana (
thr
- Tharu, Rana (
-
-
) (尼泊爾)
-
-
-
- Buksa (
tkb
- Buksa (
-
-
) (印度)
-
- Northern zone (21)
- Central Pahari (1)
- Kumauni (
kfy
- Kumauni (
- Central Pahari (1)
- Northern zone (21)
) (印度)
) (尼泊爾)
-
-
-
- Palpa (
plp
- Palpa (
-
-
) (尼泊爾)
-
-
- Garhwali (1)
- Garhwali (
gbm
- Garhwali (
- Garhwali (1)
-
) (印度)
-
-
- Western Pahari (17)
- Pahari, Mahasu (
bfz
- Pahari, Mahasu (
- Western Pahari (17)
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Bhadrawahi (
bhd
- Bhadrawahi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Bhattiyali (
bht
- Bhattiyali (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Chambeali (
cdh
- Chambeali (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Churahi (
cdj
- Churahi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Dogri (
dgo
- Dogri (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Gaddi (
gbk
- Gaddi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Hinduri (
hii
- Hinduri (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Jaunsari (
jns
- Jaunsari (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Bilaspuri (
kfs
- Bilaspuri (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Pahari, Kullu (
kfx
- Pahari, Kullu (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Kinnauri, Harijan (
kjo
- Kinnauri, Harijan (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Mandeali (
mjl
- Mandeali (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Pangwali (
pgg
- Pangwali (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Pahari-Potwari (
phr
- Pahari-Potwari (
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
- Sirmauri (
srx
- Sirmauri (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Kangri (
xnr
- Kangri (
-
-
) (印度)
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Kalasha (
kls
- Kalasha (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Kohistani (9)
- Bateri (
btv
- Bateri (
- Kohistani (9)
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Chilisso (
clh
- Chilisso (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Kalami (
gwc
- Kalami (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Gowro (
gwf
- Gowro (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Kohistani, Indus (
mvy
- Kohistani, Indus (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Tirahi (
tra
- Tirahi (
-
-
-
) (阿富汗)
-
-
-
-
- Torwali (
trw
- Torwali (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Wotapuri-Katarqalai (
wsv
- Wotapuri-Katarqalai (
-
-
-
) (阿富汗)
-
-
-
-
- Kalkoti (
xka
- Kalkoti (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
- Kunar (8)
- Dameli (
dml
- Dameli (
- Kunar (8)
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Gawar-Bati (
gwt
- Gawar-Bati (
-
-
-
) (阿富汗)
-
-
-
-
- Grangali (
nli
- Grangali (
-
-
-
) (阿富汗)
-
-
-
-
-
- Pashayi (4)
- Pashayi, Northeast (
aee
- Pashayi, Northeast (
- Pashayi (4)
-
-
-
-
) (阿富汗)
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Pashayi, Northwest (
glh
- Pashayi, Northwest (
-
-
-
-
-
) (阿富汗)
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Pashayi, Southwest (
psh
- Pashayi, Southwest (
-
-
-
-
-
) (阿富汗)
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Pashayi, Southeast (
psi
- Pashayi, Southeast (
-
-
-
-
-
) (阿富汗)
-
-
-
-
- Shumashti (
sts
- Shumashti (
-
-
-
) (阿富汗)
-
-
-
- Shina (7)
- Brokskat (
bkk
- Brokskat (
- Shina (7)
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
-
- Domaaki (
dmk
- Domaaki (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Phalura (
phl
- Phalura (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Shina, Kohistani (
plk
- Shina, Kohistani (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
-
- Savi (
sdg
- Savi (
-
-
-
) (阿富汗)
-
-
-
-
- Ushojo (
ush
- Ushojo (
-
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
- Lahnda (7)
- Hindko, Southern (
hnd
- Hindko, Southern (
- Lahnda (7)
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
- Hindko, Northern (
hno
- Hindko, Northern (
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
- Jakati (
jat
- Jakati (
-
-
) (Ukraine)
-
-
-
- Panjabi, Mirpur (
pmu
- Panjabi, Mirpur (
-
-
) (印度)
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
- Seraiki (
skr
- Seraiki (
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
- Khetrani (
xhe
- Khetrani (
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
- Sindhi (5)
- Jadgali (
jdg
- Jadgali (
- Sindhi (5)
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
- Kachchi (
kfr
- Kachchi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Lasi (
lss
- Lasi (
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
-
- Sindhi Bhil (
sbn
- Sindhi Bhil (
-
-
) (巴基斯坦)
) (巴基斯坦)
) (阿富汗)
-
-
- Kati (
bsh
- Kati (
-
) (阿富汗)
-
-
- Prasuni (
prn
- Prasuni (
-
) (阿富汗)
-
-
- Tregami (
trm
- Tregami (
-
) (阿富汗)
-
-
- Waigali (
wbk
- Waigali (
-
) (阿富汗)
-
-
- Kamviri (
xvi
- Kamviri (
-
) (阿富汗)
) (印度)
) (馬爾代夫)
) (斯里蘭卡)
-
-
- Veddah (
ved
- Veddah (
-
) (斯里蘭卡)
-
- Southern zone (12)
- Konkani (7)
- Konkani, Goanese (
gom
- Konkani, Goanese (
- Konkani (7)
- Southern zone (12)
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Kukna (
kex
- Kukna (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Katkari (
kfu
- Katkari (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Konkani (
knn
- Konkani (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Phudagi (
phd
- Phudagi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Samvedi (
smv
- Samvedi (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Varli (
vav
- Varli (
-
-
) (印度)
) (印度)
-
-
- Unclassified (4)
- Bhalay (
bhx
- Bhalay (
- Unclassified (4)
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Deccan (
dcc
- Deccan (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Gowlan (
goj
- Gowlan (
-
-
) (印度)
-
-
-
- Varhadi-Nagpuri (
vah
- Varhadi-Nagpuri (
-
-
) (印度)
-
- Unclassified (13)
- Chinali (
cih
- Chinali (
- Unclassified (13)
) (印度)
-
-
- Dhanwar (
dhw
- Dhanwar (
-
) (尼泊爾)
-
-
- Darai (
dry
- Darai (
-
) (尼泊爾)
-
-
- Kanjari (
kft
- Kanjari (
-
) (印度)
-
-
- Kumhali (
kra
- Kumhali (
-
) (尼泊爾)
-
-
- Lohar, Lahul (
lhl
- Lohar, Lahul (
-
) (印度)
-
-
- Memoni (
mby
- Memoni (
-
) (巴基斯坦)
-
-
- Mina (
myi
- Mina (
-
) (印度)
-
-
- Od (
odk
- Od (
-
) (巴基斯坦)
) (印度)
-
-
- Tippera (
tpe
- Tippera (
-
) (孟加拉)
-
-
- Usui (
usi
- Usui (
-
) (孟加拉)
-
-
- Vaagri Booli (
vaa
- Vaagri Booli (
-
) (印度)



