弱微分
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[编辑] 定义命u是一个在L1([a,b])中的勒贝格可积的函数,称 其中 推广到n维的情形,如果u和v是 其中 如果u的弱微分存在,一般被记为Dαu。可以证明,一个函数的弱微分在测度意义是唯一的,即如果有两个不同的弱微分,其仅可能在一个零测集上存在差异。 [编辑] ExamplesThe function [编辑] PropertiesIt can be shown that if two functions are weak derivatives of the same function, they are equal except on a set with Lebesgue measure zero, i.e., they are equal almost everywhere. If we consider equivalence classes of functions, where two functions are equivalent if they are equal almost everywhere, then the weak derivative is unique. Also, if u is differentiable in the conventional sense then its weak derivative is identical (in the sense give above) to its conventional (strong) derivative. Thus the weak derivative is a generalization of the strong one. Furthermore, the classical rules for derivatives of sums and products of functions also hold for the weak derivative. [编辑] ExtensionsThis concept gives rise to the definition weak solutions in Sobolev spaces, which are useful for problems of differential equations and in functional analysis. |

是
是任意一个
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中的函数(在某个
中
是一个任意给定的函数,即给定的
, which is not differentiable at t=0, has a weak derivative v known as the sign function given by :![v :[-1,1]\to [-1,1]:t\mapsto v(t)=\left\{ { \begin{matrix} {1 \,\,\textrm{ if }\, t > 0} \\ {0 \,\, \textrm{ if }\, t=0} \\ {-1 \,\,\textrm{ if }\, t < 0} \\ \end{matrix} } \right.](/images/math/f/d/9/fd99495a0abb189e6305799a8851ee10.png)

