瑪莎·史都華
维库，知识与思想的自由文库
2002年，遭其他投资者以内幕交易罪名起诉，至2004年, 罪名被美国司法部确认成立并判自家中软禁五个月，罚款三万美金，与今后不得在任何公务公司任懂事职务。 软禁期结束后玛莎主要致力于执导、主持电视节目《玛莎生活》，以及同名杂志的出版工作。
[编辑] 生活与事业一些非中文的文字因为尚未翻譯而被隐藏，歡迎參與翻譯。
Martha Stewart was born in Jersey City, New Jersey to middle-class Polish immigrant parents Eddie and Martha Kostyra. Stewart, along with her five siblings, was raised in Nutley, New Jersey.[1] Instilled with a strong passion promoted by her parents, Stewart mastered traits that many would consider common household chores. Stewart's mother taught her how to cook and sew. Later, she learned the processes of canning and preserving when she visited her grandparents' home in Buffalo, New York. Her father had a passion for gardening, and passed on much of his knowledge and expertise to his daughter. Stewart was also active in many extracurricular activities, such as the school newspaper and the Art Club. During this time, Stewart began a modelling career. She was hired and appeared in several television commercials and magazines, including one of Tareyton's famous "Rather fight than switch" cigarette advertisements. Finishing with straight "A"s, she was awarded a partial scholarship to Barnard College in New York City. Initially she intended to major in Chemistry, but switched to Art and European History, and later Architectural History. It was around this time that she met and later married her husband, Andy Stewart. After marrying Andy, Stewart temporarily left Barnard for one year, and continued her moderately-successful modeling career, while her husband finished his law degree at Yale Law School. She returned to Barnard a year later, to graduate with a double major in History and Architectural History. In 1965 her daughter, Alexis Stewart was born. At this time, Stewart began to hone and develop her business skills. In 1967, she became a stockbroker. She was very successful until she left the profession in 1973, in order to focus more time on her daughter, and to restore her new home in Connecticut. It has been suggested that a scandal involving the furniture company Levitz may have contributed to her decision to leave the firm of Monness, Horstman, Williams, and Sidel. Several Principals at the firm allegedly received kick-backs from Levitz for selling stock in the financially-troubled company. Stewart and her husband decided to move to Westport, Connecticut. They purchased and undertook a massive restoration of the 1805 farmhouse on Turkey Hill Road that would later become the model for the set of the Martha Stewart Living television program. Stewart and her husband undertook the entire venture by themselves. During the project, Stewart’s panache for restoring and decorating became apparent. Stewart's mother previously occupied Turkey Hill, while Stewart currently lives at her new home in Bedford, New York. Stewart is currently entertaining offers for the home. 
In 1976 Stewart started a catering business in her basement with a friend from her modelling days, Norma Collier. The venture quickly became successful, but soured when Collier alleged that Stewart was difficult to work with, and was also taking catering jobs on the side. Stewart soon bought her portion of the business. Stewart was also hired as the manager of a gourmet food store, The Market Basket at the Common Market which she transformed into a booming success. Meanwhile, Stewart's husband Andy had become the president of prominent New York publisher Harry N. Abrams, Inc. In 1977, Andy Stewart was responsible for releasing the English-language edition of the Gnomes book series, by Dutch authors Wil Huygen and Rien Poortvliet which quickly became a blockbuster success and New York Times Best Seller. Andy Stewart contracted Stewart's company to cater the book release party, where she was introduced to Alan Mirken, the head of Crown Publishing Group. Mirken was impressed by Stewart's talent and later contacted her to develop a cookbook featuring recipes and photos from the parties that Stewart hosted. The result was Entertaining, ghostwritten by long-time fashion maven Elizabeth Hawes. From there, word of her skills and business grew rapidly. Entertaining became a New York Times Best Seller, and the best selling cookbook since Julia Child and Simone Beck's Mastering the Art of French Cooking, released two decades earlier. [编辑] 成名立业Following Entertaining's success Stewart released several more books under the Clarkson Potter publishing imprint, beginning with a book on hors d'oeuvres in 1984. During this time she also authored dozens of newspaper columns, magazine articles and other pieces on homemaking, and made several television appearances on programs such as The Oprah Winfrey Show. In 1990 she also signed with Time Publishing Ventures to develop a new magazine, Martha Stewart Living, for which Stewart served as editor in chief. The first issue was released in late 1990 with an initial rate base of 250,000. Circulation would peak in 2002 at more than 2 million copies per issue. In 1993, she began a weekly half-hour service program based on her magazine, which was quickly expanded to a full hour, and later to a daily format, with half-hour episodes on weekends. Stewart also became a frequent contributor to CBS's The Early Show, and starred in several prime time holiday specials on the CBS network. On the cover of their May 1995 issue, New York Magazine declared her as "the definitive American woman of our time." [编辑] 股份公司玛莎与其生意夥伴Sharon Patrick于1997年成立出版公司。玛莎任公司主席与首席执行官(CEO)负责出版《玛莎生活》杂志。 October 19, 1999, Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia went public on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol MSO. The initial public offering was set at $18 per share, and rallied to $38 by the end of trading, making Stewart a billionaire on paper. The stock price slowly went down to $16 per share by February 2002. Stewart was then and continues to be the majority shareholder, with a commanding 96% control of voting power in the company. [编辑] 关于内幕交易的指控
Beginning in 2002, Stewart's career was shaken by charges brought against her regarding the sale of her shares in pharmaceutical company ImClone, days before its application for a new drug was denied. Stewart's reputation suffered heavily during the course of events that occurred over the next 3 years, which included a significant drop in advertising in Living and to a lesser extent Weddings and Kids. Stewart went to trial and was convicted inMarch 2004 on four counts of lying to investigators and obstruction of justice. She was forced to step down from her role as CEO and chairwoman of MSLO for a non-executive role. She also resigned her position as a board member for Revlon and the New York Stock Exchange. In July 2004 she gave an interview in which she said: "I'm a perfectionist. But I want people to understand that I'm not, personally, perfect". Stewart surprised many in September 2004, when she agreed to begin serving a five-month prison term while her appeal was still pending. In October, she reported to Alderson Federal Prison Camp in West Virginia. She was released on March 4 2005, after which she was placed under supervised release and required to wear an ankle bracelet for an additional 5 months. According to U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission allegations, Stewart avoided a loss of $45,673 by selling all 3,928 shares of her ImClone stock. The day following her sale, the stock value fell 16%.[2] Stewart is a former stockbroker who rose to member of the NYSE Board of Governors.[3][4] Given this extensive background in trading and rules oversight, Stewart was viewed as actively being complicit in the insider trading charges. As a side note, if she had held her ImClone shares, she would have eventually made a significant profit. The last of her legal battles were resolved when, on August 7 2006, the Securities and Exchange Commission announced that it had agreed to settle insider trading charges against Stewart and Peter Bacanovic relating to Stewart's sale of ImClone Systems stock in December 2001. Under the settlement, Stewart - without admitting guilt - agreed to the maximum penalty of about $195,000, or three times the losses she avoided. Stewart also agreed to a five-year bar from serving as a director of a public company and a five-year limitation on the scope of her service as an officer or employee of a public company.[5] Stewart will be prohibited from participating in financial reporting, financial disclosure, internal controls, audits, SEC filings and monitoring compliance with the federal securities laws. It is expected that after the bar is lifted, presumably in 2011, that Stewart (who will be 70), will return to the helm of MSO as its Chairwoman and CEO. Some libertarian commentators, especially those in the Ludwig von Mises Institute, argue that Stewart's trial was unfair and she was in fact a political prisoner.[6][7] The right-wing libertarian website Lewrockwell.com also archived several articles defending Stewart.[8] [编辑] 出狱后至今Following her release from prison March 2005, Stewart launched a highly publicized comeback, and was once again involved in Martha Stewart Living. Offerings of her company's Martha Stewart Everyday line at Kmart were expanded to include a new line of ready-made home furnishings, and its mass market interior paint line became available at larger Sears stores. However, the most heavily promoted aspect of her attempted comeback is television. Stewart returned to daytime television with Martha and appeared in an adapted version of The Apprentice (called The Apprentice: Martha Stewart). Both shows premiered in September 2005, and both were produced by Mark Burnett. The Martha Stewart show is currently in its second season. Her prime time Apprentice spin-off received poor ratings, which some attribute to popular dislike for the opportunistic tone of the network's massive promotional campaign and to NBC's slotting the show up against the hit drama Lost. The Apprentice: Martha Stewart was not renewed for a second season. In October 2005, Stewart also released a new book called The Martha Rules on starting and managing a new business, and a month later her company released Martha Stewart Baking Handbook. In October 2006, Martha Stewart's Homekeeping Handbook, a reference book about looking after your house, was published by Clarkson Potter. She also is a regular contributor of cooking, gardening, and crafts segments on NBC's The Today Show. Stewart's daily talk show was nominated in six categories for the 33rd Annual Daytime Emmy Awards in 2006, including Best Host and Best Show. In October 2005, Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia launched a line of houses that carry her name to be built by KB Home initially in Cary, North Carolina and various other locations nationwide. The first homes, which were inspired by Stewart's homes in New York and Mount Desert Island in Maine, were completed in early 2006. Ultimately 650 homes are planned with prices from low $200,000 to mid-$400,000s. Stewart's company is currently developing an upscale line of homewares for Federated Department Stores, owner of Macy's. A line of paper-based crafts for EK Success is also in development. In addition to television and merchandising, Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia launched a 24-hour satellite radio network with Sirius in November 2005, on which Stewart currently hosts a weekly call-in show. Stewart has also encouraged the use of Wikipedia on her program during a segment on pomegranates in order for viewers to learn more about that fruit's symbolism in Jewish tradition. Stewart also made a special appearance on the dramedy series Ugly Betty in the November 16 2006 episode "Four Thanksgivings and a Funeral", in which she gave her friend Wilhelmina Slater (played by Vanessa Williams) tips on how to prepare a turkey. Justin Suarez (played by Mark Indelicato), is a fan of Stewart. [编辑] 个人生活玛莎于2007年二月离婚，美国传媒称她正在同前微软公司首席程序设计师，亿万富翁查尔斯·西蒙尼约会。[9] [编辑] 参照[编辑] Notes
[编辑] News stories
[编辑] 外部链接（目前全是英文）
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