迈凯轮車隊
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1990年，迈凯轮汽车(McLaren Cars)建立，在车队专家意见的基础上生产公路汽车。
[编辑] 二十世纪六十年代Bruce McLaren賽車隊是由紐西蘭人Bruce McLaren於1963年所成立。這一支年輕車隊的第一次出賽是在1966年的摩納哥GP大獎賽，然而Bruce卻因為漏油意外而中途退出了比賽。 1966年到1967年，车队只有Bruce驾驶的一辆赛车出现在大奖赛上。除去在GP大奖赛上的工作，Bruce同时与队友Denny Hulme参加了加拿大美国挑战杯比赛，这一组合赢得了那一赛季六场比赛的五次冠军。 1968年，车队有两名车手组成，包括统治一级方程式赛车的Denny Hulme，他同时代表迈凯轮参加了当年的加拿大美国挑战杯赛。Bruce赢得了Brands Hatch赛道的非锦标赛冠军，接着在比利时大奖赛中车队赢得了第一个冠军。 1969年Bruce三次登顶，同时他和Hulme各自夺得了一次加拿大美国挑战杯赛冠军。 [编辑] 二十世纪七十年代作为一个车队，迈凯轮在这十年里有一个灾难性的开始，车队老板Bruce McLaren在Goodwood进行的加拿大美国杯赛最新型车的测试中死去。尽管有这样大的挫折，他们仍旧同心协力并在方程式比赛中取得了令人瞩目的成绩，包括加拿大美国杯赛、一级方程式、二级方程式、印地车赛和F5000。 迈凯轮决定在1972赛季结束后放弃加拿大美国系列赛，着眼于只进行一级方程式和印地车赛。这一决定被证明是正确的：1974年他们赢得了第一个一级方程式世界车队冠军和世界车手冠军（Emerson Fittipaldi）以及第一个印地500车赛的胜利（Johnny Rutherford）。1976年继续由Johnny Rutherford获得了车手的冠军 迈凯轮最终在1979赛季结束后由于印地车赛的低回报结束了他们对此项赛事投入 [编辑] 二十世纪八十年代
现在的迈凯轮F1车队是由迈凯轮车队和Ron Dennis个人的二级方程式第四计划组合并而成的。这在车迷中引起了小小的疑惑，由于自1981年起所有的迈凯轮赛车都冠名为“M/P4-xx”。在这里“P4”代表第四计划，所以这一命名与第几代赛车底盘无关。 迈凯轮历史上最成功的阶段是由Ron Dennis领导的早期。John Barnard设计的革命性的M/P4-1底盘，是F1历史上第一个完全由强化石墨塑胶和碳纤维合成的底盘，这一设计在与TAG / 保时捷 涡轮增压引擎的搭配中被证明是非常强大的。另外这一时期连续几位强力车手也功不可没，包括Niki Lauda, Alain Prost, Keke Rosberg和Stefan Johansson。迈凯轮保时捷赢得了1984年车队冠军（Lauda获得了车手冠军），1985年车队冠军（普罗斯特获得了他的第一个世界冠军）。1986年迈凯轮没有赢得车队冠军，尽管普罗斯特又一次获得了车手冠军。 After losing the previous two Constructors titles to Williams in 1986 and 1987, McLaren was able to convince Honda to switch its backing from Williams starting in 1988. The McLaren-Honda won an amazing 15 of 16 races that year and leading all but 27 laps, achieving a staggering and unbeaten record to this date. (Senna had been leading comfortably at Monza, but collided with back-marker Jean-Louis Schlesser's Williams.) Ayrton Senna took the driver's title that season, his first with the Woking marque. The next year, using a new 3.5L atmospheric engine designed by Honda, McLaren again won both titles, with Alain Prost clinching it in Japan after a highly-controversial collision with his teammate Senna. This was the culmination of a vitriolic feud between the two men. Alain Prost left to join the Ferrari team in 1990. Nevertheless, McLaren continued to dominate Formula One for the next two seasons, with Senna winning the World Drivers' Championship in 1990 and 1991, and McLaren taking the constructors title in both of those years. New teammate Gerhard Berger helped to ensure this double success. [编辑] 二十世纪九十年代中期From 1992 onwards, McLaren fell into a decline. After the thorough dominance of the Renault-powered Williams in 1992, Honda left Formula One. McLaren switched to Ford engines. While these proved suitable in the hands of Senna, American Michael Andretti's season was a disaster, scoring only a handful of points. He was replaced before the end of the year by Finnish youngster Mika Häkkinen. In 1994, Senna departed for Williams, and Martin Brundle joined Häkkinen in new Peugeot-powered cars. The results were unimpressive, and Peugeot was dropped after a single year in favour of promising new Mercedes-Benz engine. But 1995 was even worse than 1994, with the radical M/P4-10 proving to be too heavy and slow. Former Champion Nigel Mansell was too wide to fit into the car! 1996 was the end of an era for McLaren, as they parted company with long-term sponsors Marlboro, and the famous red and white McLaren livery disappeared from Formula One to be replaced with West branding and a silver Mercedes livery. [编辑] 二十世纪九十年代末期Despite the struggles of 1996, the Mercedes engine came good in the end. While Williams dominated F1 in 1996 and 1997, McLaren made slow, careful strides with its Mercedes engine and drivers Häkkinen and David Coulthard. Coulthard made a promising start to the 1997 Formula One season by winning the Australian Grand Prix. The car was not good enough to consistently win grands prix, although Coulthard also won the Italian Grand Prix. During 1997 McLaren poached Williams' talented designer, Adrian Newey. Then Mika Häkkinen offered a taste of things to come with his victory in the final race of the 1997 season, the European Grand Prix. The fact that McLaren now had Adrian Newey on board, coupled with the withdrawal of Renault at the end of 1997, meant that McLaren was now perfectly positioned to strike. In 1998 the McLaren was once again able to regularly challenge for Grand Prix victories, winning nine grands prix that year. Häkkinen took the Drivers' Championship in 1998, scoring 100 points, and McLaren took the Constructors' Championship in 1998. Häkkinen took the title again in 1999, but the season was more difficult for the team who lost the Constructors' Championship to Ferrari. [编辑] 二十一世纪
2000年又是一個近距離戰的賽季，但是最後法拉利的迈克尔·舒马赫還是贏了。 自從2000年後，迈凯轮車隊有點掙扎著要取回它在一級方程式賽車界內龍頭的位置，部分原因是因為意識到Mercedes引擎缺少速度。在2001年， Mika Häkkinen dropped off the pace in comparison with Coulthard, although neither driver could compete with the now dominant combination of Michael Schumacher and Ferrari. In 2002 Häkkinen took a sabbatical (which turned into retirement), opening the way for promising compatriot Kimi Räikkönen to take his place. McLaren only captured four wins over the following three seasons. 2002 saw just a single win at Monaco for Coulthard. 2003 started very promisingly, with wins at the two first grands prix of the year, one each for Coulthard and Räikkönen. However, rival teams soon caught up as McLaren was severely hampered in by the development of the M/P4-18, a radical new design which due to reliability problems never raced in anger. This forced the team to use the year-old M/P4-17D, a very severe handicap in modern Formula One racing. However, despite this, Räikkönen finished in the points consistently and challenged Michael Schumacher for the championship all the way up to the very last race, eventually losing the title by only 2 points. 車隊在2004年賽季推出M/P4-19，技術指導Adrian Newey描述這台車為「M/P4-18的改良版本」。This proved to be anything but the case, and a new car was required by mid-season. The M/P4-19B was basically an all new car with a radically redesigned aerodynamic package. The fact that Coulthard qualified third for its first race, the French Grand Prix, gave the team hope of a better end to the season which was realised when Räikkönen took a famous victory at the 2004 Belgian Grand Prix ahead of Michael Schumacher. [编辑] 2005年Coulthard was replaced by Juan Pablo Montoya for the 2005 season, driving alongside Räikkönen. It wasn't quite the dream start for Montoya, who had to be replaced by test drivers Pedro de la Rosa and Alexander Wurz after sustaining an injury. However, the 2005 Formula One season has been more successful for McLaren. This success has been tainted somewhat by reliability issues which continued to haunt the team throughout the year, for example Räikkönen suffered his third engine change penalty at the Italian Grand Prix. While faster than the resurgent Renault F1 team in most of the races, Renault (and Fernando Alonso in particular) have been able to capitalise when McLarens have broken down. However when Alonso claimed the driver's title, Renault abandoned their conservative approach in both car development and Alonso's driving style. By common consent the Renault R-25 could almost match McLaren's speed at the penultimate Japanese Grand Prix and at the Chinese Grand Prix, where safety car ruined Räikkonen's race strategy and Renault's unsportsmanlike act using Fisichella slowing both McLarens allowed Alonso to take his seventh win of the season. Unlucky Montoya hitted an open drain cover and that ultimately denied McLaren the Constructors' title. At the final grand prix of the season Ron Dennis said: "We feel our championship efforts were thwarted by our conservative approach to the first four races." [编辑] 赞助商
帝國烟草（以威仕香烟的形式）是1997年至2005年7月29日期间迈凯轮的首席赞助商。但在欧盟禁止做烟草广告之后，迈凯轮不得不重新寻找新的首席赞助商。 On February 22 2005 Diageo plc and Team McLaren announced that Diageo would become principal sponsor of the team through its 尊尼获加 brand, the most popular brand of whiskey worldwide. "Johnnie Walker" titles and "walking man" images were applied to the team's cars (either side of the air intake) for the Hungarian Grand Prix, however "Johnnie Walker" is not be part of the team name. The team will therefore be known as 'Team McLaren Mercedes' until a new title sponsor can be found. 2007年世界手機大廠沃達豐(Vodafone)成為迈凯轮車隊的新贊助商 [编辑] 数据统计
[编辑] 外部連結
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