高地德语
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The High German languages are a subdivision of the West Germanic Languages
Low Franconian and Low German (West Germanic) Low German (West Germanic) Central German (West Germanic) Upper German (West Germanic) Anglic (Anglo-Frisian, West Germanic) Frisian (Anglo-Frisian, West Germanic) East North Germanic West North Germanic Line dividing the North and West Germanic languages.
By the High German consonant shift, the map of German dialects is divided into Upper German (green) and Central German (blue), and the Low German (yellow). The main isoglosses, the Benrath and Speyer lines, are marked black.
高地德語 (德语:Hochdeutsch)泛指今日的標準德語的各種方言,包括:盧森堡語及意第緒語,以及各種在德國中、南部和奧地利、列支登士敦、瑞士、盧森堡等地、鄰近德國的比利時、法國(主要在阿爾薩斯及洛琳北部)、意大利及波蘭等國部份地區的通行德語方言。德語在羅馬尼亞(Transylvania)、俄羅斯、美國、阿根庭 及納米比亞的特定地區亦有通行。 "High" refers to the mountainous areas of central and southern Germany and the Alps, as opposed to Low German spoken along the flat sea coasts of the north. High German can be subdivided into Upper German and Central German (Oberdeutsch, Mitteldeutsch). The German term Hochdeutsch is also used loosely, but not by linguists, to mean standard written German as opposed to dialect, because the standard language developed out of High rather than Low German. This is based on a misunderstanding, and the attempt to rationalise it by suggesting that "high" means "official" doesn't solve the problem. In English, "High German" has never been used to mean "Standard German".
[编辑] 歷史高地德語起源的德國南部、巴伐利亞及奧地利等地是標準德語發展的重要根源。 [编辑] 譜系[编辑] 參看[编辑] 外部連結
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