Microsoft Visual Studio
维库，知识与思想的自由文库
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 用VC2005编写的典型Hello world!程序 |
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| 开发者： | 微软 |
| 稳定版本： | 8.0.50727.42 (2005年10月27日)
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| 预览版本： | 暫時沒有
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| 操作系统: | Microsoft Windows |
| 用途： | 集成开发环境 |
| 软件授权： | Microsoft EULA |
| 网站： | msdn.microsoft.com/vstudio |
Microsoft Visual Studio是美国微软公司的开发工具套件系列产品，简称VS。VS是一个基本完整的开发工具集，它包括了软件整个生命周期中所需要的大部分工具，如UML工具、代码管控工具、集成开发环境等等。
而Visual Studio .NET 是用于快速生成企业级 ASP.NET Web 应用程序和高性能桌面应用程序的工具。Visual Studio 包含基于组件的开发工具（如 Visual C#、Visual J#、Visual Basic 和 Visual C++），以及许多用于简化基于小组的解决方案的设计、开发和部署的其他技术。
历史上的版本有：
Visual Studio 6.0 主要包含：Visual C++ 6、Visual Basic 6、Visual FoxPro 6、Visual SourceSafe(VSS)6等。
Visual Studio .Net 主要包含：VS.net(.net 1.0)、VSS6等。
Visual Studio .Net 2003 主要包含：VS.net2003(.net 1.1)、VSS6等。
Visual Studio 2005 主要包含：VS.net2005(.net 2.0)、VSS8等。
在Visual Studio的部分版本中还包含了Visio等其他工具。
目录 |
[编辑] 歷史
[编辑] Visual Studio 97
為第一代Visual Studio，於1997年推出。它包含當時大部份由微軟推出的程式設計工具，包括Visual Basic 5.0、Visual C++ 5.0（主要用作視窗程式設計）、Visual J++ 1.1（用作Java及視窗程式設計）及Visual FoxPro（用作xBase設計）。它亦加入當時全新的Visual InterDev，使用ASP動態製作網站。
Visual Studio 97 是 Microsoft 第一次嘗試對於多種語言使用同一種開發環境。Visual J++、InterDev、和 MSDN Library全都使用同一個環境，名為Developer Studio。Visual C++ 和 Visual Basic 則是分開的，和 Visual FoxPro 相似。
[编辑] Visual Studio 6.0
The next version, version 6.0, was released in 1998 and is the last version to run on the Win9x platform.[1] The version numbers of all of its constituent parts also moved to 6.0, including Visual J++ which jumped from 1.1, and Visual InterDev which was at 1.0. This version was the basis of Microsoft's development system for the next four years, as Microsoft transitioned their development focus to the .NET Framework.
Visual Studio 6.0 was the last version to include Visual Basic as most of its programmers knew it; subsequent versions would include a quite different version of the language based on .NET. It was also the last version to include Visual J++, which included deeper ties to Windows and proprietary extensions to the Java language that were incompatible with Sun's version. This caused Sun to sue Microsoft. As part of the settlement, Microsoft would no longer sell programming tools that targeted the Java Virtual Machine.
Although Microsoft's long-term goal was to unify its tools under one environment, this version actually had one more environment than VS 97. Visual J++ and Visual InterDev broke away from the Visual C++ environment, while Visual Basic and Visual FoxPro maintained their separate tools.
[编辑] Visual Studio .NET (2002)
Microsoft released Visual Studio .NET in 2002 (the beta version was released on the Microsoft developer network in 2001). The biggest change was the introduction of a managed code development environment using the .NET Framework. Programs developed using .NET are not compiled to machine language (like C++ is, for example) but instead to a format called Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) or Common Intermediate Language (CIL). When an MSIL application is executed, it is compiled while being executed into the appropriate machine language for the platform it is being executed on, thereby making code portable across several platforms. Programs compiled into MSIL can be executed only on platforms which have an implementation of Common Language Infrastructure. It is possible to run MSIL programs in Linux or Mac OS X using non-Microsoft .NET implementations like Mono and DotGNU.
This was the first version of Visual Studio to require an NT-based Windows platform.[2] The installer enforces this requirement.
Microsoft introduced C# (C-sharp), a new programming language, that targets .NET. It also introduced the successor to Visual J++ called Visual J#. Visual J# programs use Java's language syntax. However, unlike Visual J++ programs, Visual J# programs can only target the .NET Framework, not the Java Virtual Machine that all other Java tools target.
Visual Basic was drastically changed to fit the new framework, and the new version was called Visual Basic .NET. Microsoft also added extensions to C++, called Managed Extensions for C++, so that C++ programmers could create .NET programs.
Visual Studio .NET can be used to make applications targeting Windows (using Windows Forms, part of the .NET Framework), Web (using ASP.NET and Web Services) and, with an add-in, portable devices (using the .NET Compact Framework).
The Visual Studio .NET environment was rewritten to partially use .NET. All languages are unified under one environment, except for Visual FoxPro. Compared to previous versions of Visual Studio, it has a cleaner interface and greater cohesiveness. It is also more customizable with tool windows that automatically hide when not in use.
Also in this version, Visual FoxPro was no longer being bundled and is now sold separately.
The internal version number of Visual Studio .NET is version 7.0.
[编辑] Visual Studio .NET 2003
Microsoft introduced a minor upgrade to Visual Studio .NET in 2003 called Visual Studio .NET 2003. At that point, it referred to the previous version as Visual Studio .NET 2002. It included an upgrade to the .NET Framework, version 1.1. It also came with built-in support for developing programs for mobile devices, using either ASP.NET or the .NET Compact Framework. As well, the Visual C++ compiler was improved to be more standards-compliant, especially in the area of partial template specialization. Visual C++ Toolkit 2003, a free version of the same C++ compiler shipped with Visual Studio .NET 2003 without the IDE, though it is no longer available and now superseded by the Express Editions.
Visual Studio 2003 shipped in four editions: Academic, Professional, Enterprise Developer, and Enterprise Architect. The Enterprise Architect edition included an implementation of Microsoft Visio's modeling technologies, which focused on creating Unified Modeling Language-based visual representations of an application's architecture. "Enterprise Templates" were also introduced, to help larger development teams standardize coding styles and enforce policies around component usage and property settings.
Microsoft released Service Pack 1 for Visual Studio 2003 on September 13, 2006.
The internal version number of Visual Studio .NET 2003 is version 7.1 while the file format version is 8.0.[3]
[编辑] Visual Studio 2005
Visual Studio 2005, codenamed Whidbey (a reference to Whidbey Island in Puget Sound), was released online in October 2005 and hit the stores a couple of weeks later. Microsoft removed the ".NET" moniker from Visual Studio 2005 (as well as every other product with .NET in its name), but it still primarily targets the .NET Framework, which was upgraded to version 2.0. Visual Studio 2005's internal version number is 8.0 while the file format version is 9.0.[4] Microsoft released service Pack 1 for Visual Studio 2005 on 14 December 2006.[5]
Visual Studio 2005 was upgraded to support all the new features introduced in .NET Framework 2.0, including generics and ASP.NET 2.0. The IntelliSense feature in Visual Studio was upgraded for generics and new project types were added to support ASP.NET web services. Visual Studio 2005 also includes a local web server, separate from IIS, that can be used to host ASP.NET applications during development and testing. It also supports all SQL Server 2005 databases. Database designers were upgraded to support the ADO.NET 2.0, which is included with .NET Framework 2.0. C++ also got a similar upgrade with the addition of C++/CLI which is slated to replace the use of Managed C++.[6]
Other new features of Visual Studio 2005 include the "Deployment Designer" which allows application designs to be validated before deployments, an improved environment for web publishing when combined with ASP.NET 2.0 and load testing to see application performance under various sorts of user loads.
Visual Studio 2005 also added extensive 64-bit support. While the development environment itself is only available as a 32-bit application, Visual C++ 2005 supports compiling for x86-64 (AMD64 and Intel 64) as well as IA-64 (Itanium).[7] The Platform SDK included 64-bit compilers and 64-bit versions of the libraries.
Visual Studio 2005 is available in several editions, which are significantly different from previous versions: Express, Standard, Professional, Tools for Office, and a set of five Visual Studio Team System Editions. The latter are provided in conjunction with MSDN Premium subscriptions, covering four major roles of software development: Architects, Software Developers, Testers, and Database Professionals. The combined functionality of the four Team System Editions is provided in a Team Suite Edition.
Express Editions were introduced for amateurs, hobbyists, and small businesses, and are available as a free download from Microsoft's web site. There are Express Editions for each language (Visual Basic, Visual C++, Visual C#, Visual J#), each targeting the .NET Framework on Windows, as well as a Visual Web Developer for creating ASP.NET web sites. The Express Editions lack many of the more advanced development tools and extensibility of the other editions such as Just-in-time JScript debugging.[8]
After Visual Studio 2005 was released, Microsoft also released a number of products under the Visual Studio brand. For team oriented development, Microsoft introduced the Visual Studio Team System, which included the Visual Studio 2005 IDE along with a set of server applications, including a source control application called Team Foundation Server. For integration with Microsoft Office, Visual Studio Tools for Office (VSTO) was added. It included a set of APIs to access certain functionality provided by Microsoft Office, as well as using for data from Office documents, from other applications programmatically. It also includes a set of UI controls used in Microsoft Office applications. Visual Basic for Applications was also brought under the Visual Studio umbrella and rechristened Visual Studio Tools for Applications (VSTA). VSTA consists of a customized IDE, based on the Visual Studio 2005 IDE, and a runtime that can be embedded in applications to expose its features via the .NET object model.
[编辑] Visual Studio 2008
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本条目或章节描写正处于开发阶段的软件 文字内容会随着软件开发进度而有所改变 |
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Visual Studio 2008,[9], code-named Orcas, is the successor to Visual Studio 2005 currently under development. The codename Orcas is, like Whidbey, a reference to an island in Puget Sound, Orcas Island. The next version of Visual Studio Team System, scheduled to release around Visual Studio 2008 timeframe, is code-named Rosario.[10]. The successor to Visual Studio 2008 is codenamed Hawaii.
The latest beta is the Beta 1, released on April 19 2007, and the first public available beta is the September 2006 CTP, released on September 28 2006.
Visual Studio 2008 is focused on development of Windows Vista, 2007 Office system, and Web applications. Among other things, it brings a new language feature, LINQ, new versions of C# and Visual Basic languages, a Windows Presentation Foundation visual designer, and improvements to the .NET Framework. It will also likely feature a new HTML/CSS editor influenced by Microsoft Expression Web.[11] J# will not be included.[12] Visual Studio 2008 requires .NET Framework 3.5 and by default configures compiled assemblies to run on .NET Framework 3.5; but it also supports multi-targeting which lets the developers choose which version of the .NET Common Language Runtime (out of 2.0, 3.0, 3.5, Silverlight CoreCLR or .NET Compact Framework runtimes) the assembly will run on.
Visual Studio 2008 will feature a XAML based designer (codenamed Cider), workflow designer, LINQ to SQL designer (for defining the type mappings and object encapsulation for SQL data), XSLT debugger, XSD designer, JavaScript Intellisense support, JavaScript Debugging support, support for UAC manifests, a concurrent build system, among others.[13] It will also ship with an enhanced set of UI widgets, both for WinForms and WPF.
[编辑] 最新版本
微軟在2006年年初公佈了 Visual Studio 的最新版本 Visual Studio 2005(Express)。包含常會使用到的 Visual Basic 2005(Express)。相關技術支援資訊請參閱 MSDN， 或是 Visual Studio 2005 的中文網站[1]。
[编辑] 參見
| 微软公司 | |
|---|---|
| 桌面软件: | Windows (Windows歷史) • Office • Dynamics • Visual Studio • Money • Encarta • Expression |
| 服务器软件: | Windows Server • SQL Server • IIS • Exchange • BizTalk • Commerce • ISA Server • Systems Management |
| 技术: | 活动目录 • DirectX • .NET • Windows Media • PlaysForSure |
| 网络: | Windows Live • Office Live • MSNBC • ninemsn • MSN • Hotmail • Live Messenger • Spaces • Groups • Live ID • Ignition • CodePlex |
| 游戏: | Microsoft Game Studios • Zone • XNA • Xbox • Xbox 360 (Elite) • Xbox Live (Arcade • Marketplace) • Games for Windows (Live) • Live Anywhere • 帝国时代 • 微軟模擬列車 • 微軟模擬飛行 |
| 硬件: | Surface • Zune • MSN TV • 微软自然键盘 • IntelliType • IntelliPoint • LifeCam • LifeChat • SideWinder • 超级移动电脑 • Fingerprint • Audio System |
| 教育与认证: | 微软认证 • 微软开发者网络 • 微软教育联盟计划 • 微软签约授权 • 微软出版社 • 微软最有价值专家 • 微软创新联盟 |
| 董事会成员 | 巴尔默 • 凯什 • 杜伯伦 • 盖茨 • 吉尔玛特 • 哈斯廷斯 • 马夸特 • 诺斯基 • 庞克 • 雪利 |
